🚬 吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide)
按每天吸烟包数（或支数）和吸烟年数计算包年，可以每行输入一段吸烟史后合计。同时说明美国预防服务工作组 (USPSTF) 2021 年肺癌低剂量 CT 筛查建议的年龄和包年条件，供与医生讨论时参考。本地处理。Work out pack-years from packs (or cigarettes) a day and years smoked, with one smoking period per line added together. It also explains the age and pack-year criteria in the 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation for low-dose CT lung screening, as a starting point for talking with a doctor. Processed locally.
使用说明与常见问题How-to & FAQ
「吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）」是什么？What is the Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide) tool?
按每天吸烟包数（或支数）和吸烟年数计算包年，可以每行输入一段吸烟史后合计。同时说明美国预防服务工作组 (USPSTF) 2021 年肺癌低剂量 CT 筛查建议的年龄和包年条件，供与医生讨论时参考。本地处理。Work out pack-years from packs (or cigarettes) a day and years smoked, with one smoking period per line added together. It also explains the age and pack-year criteria in the 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation for low-dose CT lung screening, as a starting point for talking with a doctor. Processed locally.
如何使用「吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）」？How do I use the Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide) tool?
在「吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）」中，填写「输入方式」、「每天的量」、「每天吸烟量」、「吸烟年数」、「每包支数」等参数，结果会随输入实时计算并显示在下方。In the Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide): Fill in "Input", "Amount per day", "Amount per day", "Years smoked", "Cigarettes per pack"; results are recalculated instantly as you type.
包年怎么算？How are pack-years calculated?
包年 = 每天吸烟包数 × 吸烟年数，1 包按 20 支计。例如每天 1 包吸 20 年，或每天 2 包吸 10 年，都是 20 包年。Pack-years = packs a day × years smoked, with 20 cigarettes to a pack. One pack a day for 20 years and two packs a day for 10 years are both 20 pack-years.
吸烟量变化过怎么办？What if my smoking changed over time?
选择“多段”，每行写一段时期的每天包数和年数，本页会分别计算再相加。Choose several periods and write the packs a day and years for each stretch on its own line; the page adds them up.
USPSTF 的筛查建议是什么？What does the USPSTF recommend?
2021 年建议：50–80 岁、吸烟史至少 20 包年、目前仍吸烟或在过去 15 年内戒烟的成人，每年做一次低剂量 CT 肺癌筛查。其他国家的标准可能不同。The 2021 recommendation is yearly low-dose CT screening for adults aged 50–80 with at least 20 pack-years who smoke now or quit within the past 15 years. Other countries may use different criteria.
能举个计算实例吗？Can you show a worked example?
例如在「吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）」中填 输入方式 = 一段吸烟史，每天的量 = 包，每天吸烟量 = 1，吸烟年数 = 20，结果区显示：包年：20；USPSTF 筛查条件：50–80 岁、至少 20 包年、目前吸烟或戒烟 15 年以内；包年条件：达到（≥ 20）；⚠ 任何吸烟量都有健康风险。是否筛查请与医生讨论；戒烟在任何年龄都有好处。For example, entering Input = One period, Amount per day = Packs, Amount per day = 1, Years smoked = 20 in the Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide) gives: Pack-years: 20; USPSTF screening criteria: Age 50–80, at least 20 pack-years, and smoking now or quit within the past 15 years; Pack-year criterion: Met (20 or more); ⚠ Any amount of smoking carries risk. Discuss screening with your doctor; quitting helps at…
哪些输入会被检查？Which inputs are validated?
「吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）」会检查这些输入——「每天吸烟量」：可留空；「吸烟年数」、「戒烟年数（仍在吸填 0，可选）」：不能为负数；「每包支数」：须大于 0（留空按 20）；「年龄（可选）」：不能为负数，须为整数；绝对值超过 10¹⁵ 的数也会被拒绝。不符合时结果区显示具体提示，不会给出数字。The Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide) checks its inputs — "Amount per day": optional; "Years smoked", "Years since quitting (0 if still smoking, optional)": cannot be negative; "Cigarettes per pack": must be greater than 0 (blank uses 20); "Age (optional)": cannot be negative, must be a whole number; numbers above 10¹⁵ in absolute value are rejected too. When a value fails, the result area names the problem instead of showing a number.
有哪些选项可以调整？What options can I adjust?
「吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）」的设置：「输入方式」可选 一段吸烟史、多段（每行：每天包数, 年数）（默认 一段吸烟史）；「每天的量」可选 包、支（默认 包）；「每天吸烟量」默认 1；「吸烟年数」默认 20；「每包支数」默认 20；「年龄（可选）」可留空；「戒烟年数（仍在吸填 0，可选）」可留空。每次生成结果都按当前设置处理。Settings in the Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide) — "Input": One period, Several periods (each line: packs a day, years) (default One period); "Amount per day": Packs, Cigarettes (default Packs); "Amount per day" default 1; "Years smoked" default 20; "Cigarettes per pack" default 20; "Age (optional)" optional; "Years since quitting (0 if still smoking, optional)" optional. The result always uses the current settings.
结果可以代替医生的建议吗？Can this replace medical advice?
不能。「吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）」基于常用公式给出估算，个体差异较大，如有健康问题请咨询医生或专业人士。No. The Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide) gives estimates from common formulas; individuals differ, so consult a doctor or professional for health decisions.
「吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）」免费吗？需要注册吗？Is the Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide) free? Do I need an account?
「吸烟包年计算器（多段吸烟史，肺癌筛查参考）」完全免费，无需注册或安装，打开网页即可使用，手机和电脑都能用；输入的内容只在你的浏览器本地处理。The Pack-Year Calculator (Several Smoking Periods, Lung Screening Guide) is completely free with no sign-up or install and works on phones and desktops; what you enter is processed only in your browser.