⚗️ 平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q)

使用说明与常见问题How-to & FAQ

「平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）」是什么？What is the Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q) tool?

输入平衡时各反应物和产物的浓度及化学计量数，算出 Kc = Π[产物]^系数 ÷ Π[反应物]^系数；可选温度换算 Kp = Kc(RT)^Δn，或输入已知 K，把这些浓度当作反应商 Q 判断反应方向。本地处理。Enter the equilibrium concentrations and stoichiometric coefficients of the reactants and products to get Kc = Π[products]^coeff ÷ Π[reactants]^coeff. Optionally convert to Kp = Kc(RT)^Δn at a temperature, or enter a known K to treat the values as a reaction quotient Q and see which way the reaction shifts. Processed locally.

如何使用「平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）」？How do I use the Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q) tool?

在「平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）」中，填写「反应物浓度 mol/L（浓度^系数，如 0.5, 1.5^3）」、「产物浓度 mol/L（如 0.2^2）」、「温度 K（可选，用于 Kp）」、「已知平衡常数 K（可选，判断方向）」等参数，结果会随输入实时计算并显示在下方。In the Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q): Fill in "Reactant concentrations, mol/L (conc^coefficient, e.g. 0.5, 1.5^3)", "Product concentrations, mol/L (e.g. 0.2^2)", "Temperature in K (optional, for Kp)", "Known equilibrium constant K (optional, for the direction)"; results are recalculated instantly as you type.

浓度怎么输入？How do I enter the concentrations?

每个物种写一个平衡浓度（mol/L），系数不是 1 时写成 浓度^系数，用逗号分隔。例如 N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃，[N₂] = 0.5、[H₂] = 1.5、[NH₃] = 0.2，反应物写 0.5, 1.5^3，产物写 0.2^2，Kc ≈ 0.0237。Give each species its equilibrium concentration in mol/L, written as conc^coefficient when the coefficient is not 1, separated by commas. For N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃ with [N₂] = 0.5, [H₂] = 1.5 and [NH₃] = 0.2, enter 0.5, 1.5^3 as reactants and 0.2^2 as products: Kc ≈ 0.0237.

Kp 和 Kc 有什么关系？How are Kp and Kc related?

对气相反应 Kp = Kc·(RT)^Δn，其中 Δn 是气态产物系数和减去气态反应物系数和，R = 0.082057 L·atm/(mol·K)，T 用开尔文，Kp 对应以 atm 表示的分压。本页把所有物种都当作气体来算 Δn。For gas reactions Kp = Kc·(RT)^Δn, where Δn is the gaseous product coefficients minus the gaseous reactant coefficients, R = 0.082057 L·atm/(mol·K), T is in kelvin and Kp uses partial pressures in atm. This page counts every species you enter as a gas for Δn.

Q 和 K 比较说明什么？What does comparing Q with K tell me?

反应商 Q 的算法和 K 一样，只是用当前浓度。Q < K 时反应向正方向进行，Q > K 时向逆方向进行，Q = K 时处于平衡。The reaction quotient Q is worked out like K but from the current concentrations. If Q < K the reaction moves forward, if Q > K it moves backward, and if Q = K it is at equilibrium.

能举个计算实例吗？Can you show a worked example?

例如在「平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）」中填 反应物浓度 mol/L（浓度^系数，如 0.5, 1.5^3） = 0.5, 1.5^3，产物浓度 mol/L（如 0.2^2） = 0.2^2，结果区显示：Kc：0.0237；Δn（产物系数和 − 反应物系数和）：-2；ℹ Kc = Π[产物]^系数 ÷ Π[反应物]^系数；纯固体、纯液体和溶剂不写入For example, entering Reactant concentrations, mol/L (conc^coefficient, e.g. 0.5, 1.5^3) = 0.5, 1.5^3, Product concentrations, mol/L (e.g. 0.2^2) = 0.2^2 in the Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q) gives: Kc: 0.0237; Δn (product minus reactant coefficients): -2; ℹ Kc = Π[products]^coeff ÷ Π[reactants]^coeff; leave out pure solids, pure liquids and the solvent

哪些输入会被检查？Which inputs are validated?

「平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）」会检查这些输入——「温度 K（可选，用于 Kp）」、「已知平衡常数 K（可选，判断方向）」：可留空；绝对值超过 10¹⁵ 的数也会被拒绝。不符合时结果区显示具体提示，不会给出数字。The Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q) checks its inputs — "Temperature in K (optional, for Kp)", "Known equilibrium constant K (optional, for the direction)": optional; numbers above 10¹⁵ in absolute value are rejected too. When a value fails, the result area names the problem instead of showing a number.

有哪些选项可以调整？What options can I adjust?

「平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）」的设置：「反应物浓度 mol/L（浓度^系数，如 0.5, 1.5^3）」默认 0.5, 1.5^3；「产物浓度 mol/L（如 0.2^2）」默认 0.2^2；「温度 K（可选，用于 Kp）」可留空；「已知平衡常数 K（可选，判断方向）」可留空。每次生成结果都按当前设置处理。Settings in the Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q) — "Reactant concentrations, mol/L (conc^coefficient, e.g. 0.5, 1.5^3)" default 0.5, 1.5^3; "Product concentrations, mol/L (e.g. 0.2^2)" default 0.2^2; "Temperature in K (optional, for Kp)" optional; "Known equilibrium constant K (optional, for the direction)" optional. The result always uses the current settings.

计算结果可以用于作业或工程吗？Can I use the results for homework or engineering?

「平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）」使用教科书标准公式（公式写在说明和常见问题中），适合学习和估算核对；涉及安全的工程设计请以规范和实测为准。The Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q) uses standard textbook formulas (given in the description and FAQ), which is good for learning and checking estimates; for safety-critical engineering follow codes and measured values.

「平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）」免费吗？需要注册吗？Is the Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q) free? Do I need an account?

「平衡常数计算器（Kc、Kp、反应商 Q）」完全免费，无需注册或安装，打开网页即可使用，手机和电脑都能用；输入的内容只在你的浏览器本地处理。The Equilibrium Constant Calculator (Kc, Kp, Q) is completely free with no sign-up or install and works on phones and desktops; what you enter is processed only in your browser.