💊 药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State)

使用说明与常见问题How-to & FAQ

「药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）」是什么？What is the Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State) tool?

按一级动力学（指数衰减）计算：经过一段时间后体内剩余多少；降到某个量或百分比需要多久；以及按固定间隔重复给药时的蓄积倍数和稳态峰谷量。附逐个半衰期的剩余比例表。仅为药理学教学模型，不能用于决定用药。本地处理。Using first-order (exponential) elimination: how much remains after a time, how long until the amount falls to a level or percentage, and the accumulation factor and steady-state peak and trough with repeated doses at a fixed interval, with a table of what remains after each half-life. A teaching model of pharmacology, not for dosing decisions. Processed locally.

如何使用「药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）」？How do I use the Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State) tool?

在「药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）」中，填写「计算」、「剂量（任意单位，如 mg）」、「半衰期（小时）」、「经过时间（小时）」、「目标剩余（量或 %）」等参数，结果会随输入实时计算并显示在下方。In the Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State): Fill in "Calculate", "Dose (any unit, e.g. mg)", "Half-life (hours)", "Elapsed time (hours)", "Target left (amount or %)"; results are recalculated instantly as you type.

剩余量怎么算？How is the amount left calculated?

剩余量 = 剂量 × (1/2)^(t ÷ 半衰期)。每经过一个半衰期减少一半：1 个后剩 50 %，2 个后 25 %，5 个后约 3.1 %。Amount left = dose × (1/2)^(t / half-life). Each half-life halves it: 50 % after one, 25 % after two and about 3.1 % after five.

为什么常说 5 个半衰期清除？Why is five half-lives often quoted?

5 个半衰期后约剩 3 %（清除约 97 %），通常被视为基本清除。同样，按固定间隔重复给药时，约 4–5 个半衰期达到稳态。After five half-lives about 3 % remains (about 97 % gone), which is usually treated as cleared. Likewise, repeated dosing at a fixed interval reaches steady state in about 4–5 half-lives.

蓄积倍数是什么？What is the accumulation factor?

重复给药时稳态峰值与单次给药峰值之比，R = 1 ÷ (1 − e^(−kτ))，k = ln2 ÷ 半衰期，τ 为给药间隔。间隔等于半衰期时 R = 2。It is the steady-state peak divided by the single-dose peak, R = 1 / (1 − e^(−kτ)) with k = ln 2 / half-life and τ the interval. When the interval equals the half-life, R = 2.

能举个计算实例吗？Can you show a worked example?

例如在「药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）」中填 计算 = 经过时间后的剩余量，剂量（任意单位，如 mg） = 100，半衰期（小时） = 6，经过时间（小时） = 12，结果区显示：剩余量：25；剩余比例：25 %；已清除：75 %；经过的半衰期数：2；⚠ 简化的一室模型，忽略吸收、分布和个体差异。请勿据此调整用药，遵医嘱和说明书。For example, entering Calculate = Amount left after a time, Dose (any unit, e.g. mg) = 100, Half-life (hours) = 6, Elapsed time (hours) = 12 in the Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State) gives: Amount left: 25; Fraction left: 25 %; Eliminated: 75 %; Half-lives elapsed: 2; ⚠ A simplified one-compartment model that ignores absorption, distribution and individual differences. Do not change any medication based on it; follow your clinician and the label.

哪些输入会被检查？Which inputs are validated?

「药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）」会检查这些输入——「剂量（任意单位，如 mg）」、「半衰期（小时）」：必须填写，须大于 0；「经过时间（小时）」：所选方式用到时必须填写，不能为负数；「目标剩余（量或 %）」、「给药间隔（小时）」：所选方式用到时必须填写，须大于 0；绝对值超过 10¹⁵ 的数也会被拒绝。不符合时结果区显示具体提示，不会给出数字。The Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State) checks its inputs — "Dose (any unit, e.g. mg)", "Half-life (hours)": required, must be greater than 0; "Elapsed time (hours)": required when the chosen option uses it, cannot be negative; "Target left (amount or %)", "Dosing interval (hours)": required when the chosen option uses it, must be greater than 0; numbers above 10¹⁵ in absolute value are rejected too. When a value fails, the result area names the problem instead of…

有哪些选项可以调整？What options can I adjust?

「药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）」的设置：「计算」可选 经过时间后的剩余量、降到目标所需时间、重复给药稳态（默认 经过时间后的剩余量）；「剂量（任意单位，如 mg）」默认 100；「半衰期（小时）」默认 6；「经过时间（小时）」默认 12；「目标剩余（量或 %）」默认 5；「目标单位」可选 % 剂量、与剂量同单位（默认 % 剂量）；「给药间隔（小时）」默认 8。每次生成结果都按当前设置处理。Settings in the Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State) — "Calculate": Amount left after a time, Time to reach a target, Repeated dosing steady state (default Amount left after a time); "Dose (any unit, e.g. mg)" default 100; "Half-life (hours)" default 6; "Elapsed time (hours)" default 12; "Target left (amount or %)" default 5; "Target unit": % of dose, Same unit as dose (default % of dose); "Dosing interval (hours)" default 8. The result always uses the current…

结果可以代替医生的建议吗？Can this replace medical advice?

不能。「药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）」基于常用公式给出估算，个体差异较大，如有健康问题请咨询医生或专业人士。No. The Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State) gives estimates from common formulas; individuals differ, so consult a doctor or professional for health decisions.

「药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）」免费吗？需要注册吗？Is the Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State) free? Do I need an account?

「药物半衰期计算器（剩余量、清除时间、重复给药稳态）」完全免费，无需注册或安装，打开网页即可使用，手机和电脑都能用；输入的内容只在你的浏览器本地处理。The Drug Half-Life Calculator (Amount Left, Clearance Time, Repeated-Dose Steady State) is completely free with no sign-up or install and works on phones and desktops; what you enter is processed only in your browser.